Lysozyme, also known as muramicase or N-acetylmuramicide glycolase, is an alkaline enzyme that can hydrolyze mucopolysaccharides in bacteria. Lysozymes mainly break down the β -1,4 glycosidic bond between N-acetyl cell wall acid and N-acetylglucosamine in the cell wall, causing insoluble mucopolysaccharides in the cell wall to break down into soluble glycopeptides, resulting in the rupture of the cell wall and the escape of contents, leading to bacterial dissolution. Lysozymes can also directly bind to negatively charged viral proteins, forming complexes with DNA, RNA, and decommissioned proteins to inactivate the virus.
This enzyme is widely present in various tissues of the human body, including egg whites of birds and poultry, tears, saliva, plasma, milk and other liquids of mammals, as well as microorganisms. Among them, egg whites are the most abundant in content. According to their different sources, they can be divided into four categories: plant lysozyme, animal lysozyme, microbial lysozyme, and egg white lysozyme.
The Function of Lysozyme
1. Antibacterial effect: Lysozyme can destroy the structure of bacterial cell walls, causing bacterial death. Therefore, it is widely used in antibacterial products to help prevent and treat infectious diseases.
2. Immunity enhancement: Lysozyme can stimulate the immune system, enhance the body's ability to fight bacteria and viruses, and help improve the body's immunity.
3. Anti-inflammatory effect: Lysozyme can reduce inflammatory reactions and help relieve discomfort and symptoms caused by inflammation.
4. Promote wound healing: Lysozyme can promote wound healing and accelerate the process of tissue repair and regeneration.
In general, lysozyme has multiple effects such as antibacterial, immune enhancement, anti-inflammatory and wound healing. It can be used as a natural antibacterial agent and immune enhancer, and is widely used in medicine, health products and cosmetics.
COA of Lysozyme
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